Identifying two-dimensional layered materials in the monolayer limit has led to discoveries of numerous new phenomena and unusual properties. We intro...

Proton transport in nanochannels under humid conditions is crucial for the application in energy storage and conversion. However, existing materials, ...

Strain-hardening (the increase of flow stress with plastic strain) is the most important phenomenon in the mechanical behaviour of engineering alloys ...

Refining grains of metals into the nanometer scale may greatly enhance their strength and hardness. But the introduced high density of grain boundarie...

The gradient structures exist ubiquitously in the natural materials such as shells, bones and trees, and exhibit a high strength and a good toughness ...